CHANNELSNigeria's liquidation of Nitel assets put on holdIDG News ServiceThe planned liquidation of Nigeria's embattled incumbent operator Nitel and its mobile arm, M-tel, has bogged down in confusion after the country's lawmakers directed …
A country that robs its elderly!BusinessDayThe recent sleaze around the police pensions raises a whole lot of rhetorical questions: Why are we a country of dogs that eat the bones that have been hung on their necks? Why are we a country of extremely se…
2 “lovers” found dead in carVanguardKano – Residents of Kano metropolis were thrown into shock on Wednesday when two bodies of a young man and a woman suspected to be lovers were found dead inside a car. The corpses of the 'lovers' were f…
Leadership NewspapersS'South govs decry North's stance on derivationInformation NigeriaGOVERNORS of the states in the South-South geo-political zone yesterday described the criticisms of the 13 per cent derivation funds due to the Niger Delta s…
BusinessDayLabour opposes bill on industrial strikesInformation Nigeria“THOSE who are sponsoring this Bill both the ones on the floor of the Senate and the ones behind the mask have shown total disdain for Nigerians.” These were the words of the Ni…
Reuters BlogsExclusive: Nigeria starts mediated talks with Boko HaramReutersBy Joe Brock | ABUJA (Reuters) – Nigeria's government has in the last week held its first indirect peace talks with Islamist sect Boko Haram, meeting mediators to discuss a…
MD Belgore and the unfinished work in Kwara StateVanguardBy Is'haq Modibbo Kawu LAST week, the Suprem Court affirmed that Abdulfatai Ahmed, was winner of the April 2011 gubernatorial election in Kwara state. The verdict effectively closed the judic…
P.M. NewsSix Tankers Burnt in Ibadan Midnight AccidentAllAfrica.comBy Yemi Bamidele, 14 March 2012 Ibadan — It was a midnight disaster at Iwo Road/Ojoo Expressway in Ibadan in the early hours of Wednesday as six petrol tankers fully loaded with fuel …
AllAfrica.comBoko Haram Chief Dies in SSS CustodyAllAfrica.comBy Misbahu Bashir, 15 March 2012 A factional leader of Boko Haram who was captured after a gun fight in Zaria last week has died of bullet wounds he sustained in the raid, the State Security…
Leadership NewspapersIslamic Bank to Finance Nigeria Education After Militant AttacksBusinessWeekBy Chris Kay and Maram Mazen on March 15, 2012 The Islamic Development Bank will provide $95 million in loans to integrate Nigeria's Koranic schools wi…
Telegraph.co.ukNigeria security forces: hostages killed before raidReuters AfricaBy Camillus Eboh ABUJA (Reuters) – Nigeria's secret service said on Wednesday that a British and Italian hostage killed by their captors last week were executed before…
Leadership NewspapersNBA Sues FG Over Slain Fuel Subsidy ProtesterLeadership NewspapersThe Lagos State Government and the Nigeria Bar Association, (NBA) have sued the Inspector General of Police, IGP, Attorney General of the Federation (AGF) and the ex…
Leadership NewspapersEdo guber election: PDP, ACN at verbal war over alleged inducement of …BusinessDayAhead of the July 14 governorship election in Edo State, the Peoples Democratic Party (PDP) and Action Congress of Nigeria (ACN) are at verbal war …
Myjoyonline.comGovt sincerity will end Boko Haram siege ñ GroupMoment Nigerian NewspapersTHERE is a growing agitation across Nigeria over the activities of the Boko Haram and the seeming complacency of government in tracking them, resulting in the ins…
11 die in kerosene explosions in Edo, DeltaThe Nation NewspaperBy Osagie Otabor, Benin 4 hours 39 minutes ago Eleven persons were confirmed dead in kerosene explosions that occurred between February 1 and March 14 in Edo and Delta states. Nine of the v…
Leadership NewspapersSecurity strengthened in CalabarThe Nation NewspaperBy Nicholas Kalu, Calabar 4 hours 35 minutes ago Following cult clashes in Calabar, the Cross River State capital, security has been strengthened in the city, especially at night….
CHANNELSAbuja twin-bombings: Court stays proceedings in case against Okah, othersThe Nation NewspaperBy Kamarudeen Ogundele, Abuja 12 hours 20 minutes ago A Federal High Court sitting in Abuja yesterday stayed proceedings in the charge brought against …
Group cautions Amosun about TASUEDNigerian TribuneA youth group in Ogun State, Concerned Youths in Politics (CYP), has called on the Ogun State governor, Senator Ibikunle Amosun, to rescind his decision on the scrapping of the Tai Solarin University of…
BusinessDayOjukwu: Biafra's final burial?Nigerian TribuneTHE eulogies and tributes poured in, in torrents, all united in wishing the late Igbo leader, Eze Igbo Gburugburu, Dim Chukwuemeka Odumegwu-Ojukwu, bon voyage on his final passage into histor…
CHANNELSAlleged corruption charges: Ex-NIMASA boss loses in courtNigerian TribuneThe former Director-General of the Nigerian Maritime Administration and Safety Agency (NIMASA), Mr Temisan Omatseye, on Wednesday, lost out in his bid to put an end to the…
Leadership NewspapersStrike Vote: Senate Defended Organised Labour, Says NLCLeadership NewspapersThe Nigeria Labour Congress (NLC) on Wednesday hailed the Senate for rejecting the bill seeking that workers should vote before embarking on strike. The Se…
Information NigeriaNigerian police unveils new military-style uniformInformation NigeriaThe Acting Inspector-General of Police (IGP), Mohammed Dahiru Abubakar has on Tuesday unveiled newly approved camouflage uniform for officers of the Police Force. P…
Leadership Newspapers2000 Soldiers Undergoing Training In Counter Terrorism – IhejirikaLeadership NewspapersThe Chief of Army Staff (COAS) , Lt.-Gen. Azubuike Ihejirika, said on Tuesday in Abuja, that 2000 soldiers were undergoing training in counter t…
BBC NewsS/Africa's Continual Maltreatment Of Nigerians —Gbenga KayodeP.M. NewsThe recurring and unwarranted diplomatic fireworks were obviously sparked again, by South Africa, otherwise called the Rainbow Nation, when it repatriated 125 Nigerians…
CHANNELSWe Won't Use VON As Govt Megaphone – JonathanLeadership NewspapersPresident Goodluck Jonathan has said that he will not turn any public information organ into uncritical mouthpiece of the government. The president who was represented by V…
AllAfrica.comPDP chairmanship seat: Presidency drafts Anenih, Saraki for TukurVanguardLAGOS— Political associates around President Goodluck Jonathan are promoting the aspiration of Alhaji Bamanga Tukur for the national chairmanship of the Peoples Dem…
Leadership NewspapersIbru's widow battles husband's brotherThe Nation NewspaperBy Eric Ikhilae 3 hours 17 minutes ago MORE facts emerged yesterday on the last days of the late Mr Alex Uruemu Ibru, the frontline businessman and publisher of The …
Leadership NewspapersIhedioha laments death of 18 corps membersVanguardBY EMMAN OVUAKPORIE ABUJA- DEPUTY Speaker of the House of Representatives, Mr. Emeka Ihedioha, yesterday expressed shock over the death of 18 members of the National Youth Service C…
Leadership NewspapersUnijos students protest stabbing of colleaguesVanguardJOS—STUDENTS of the University of Jos, Tuesday, took to the streets to protest Monday night's stabbing of two of their colleagues by hoodlums another backlash of Sunday…
Leadership NewspapersYorubaland: A note on leadershipNigerian TribuneThose who say that the nation can never witness another Awo are correct only to some extent. They are, in my view, on a dead end if they take their claim in absolute terms. In a way, …
BBC NewsUPDATE 1-Attacks on security forces in north Nigeria kill 7Chicago Tribune* Boko Haram insurgency spreading in the north * Sect is President Goodluck Jonathan's top security woe (Adds new attack, details) MAIDUGURI, Nigeria, March 13 (Reute…
First Lady TasksLeadership NewspapersThe First Lady, Mrs Patience Jonathan, on Tuesday urged beneficiaries of the Women for Change Empowerment Programme to make judicious use of the tools donated to them. Jonathan, who made the plea in Ibadan during he…
BusinessDayMan climbs mast to press ex-VP pay debtP.M. NewsA mild drama played out Tuesday afternoon at the Federal High Court in Abuja as a middle aged man identified as Musa Inua climbed a telecommunication mast with the intention of committing suici…
BusinessDayMan attempts suicide atop telecom mastBusinessDayA middle-aged man identified as Musa Suleiman had on Tuesday, tried to commit suicide by climbing up a telecom mast. He attempted this at the premises of the Federal High Court in the Maitama …
Orji Pledges Support for NYSCAllAfrica.comBy John Oba, 13 March 2012 The Abia State Government has assured the National Youth Service Corps (NYSC) of more support towards the realisation of the scheme's statutory mandate in the state. This pledged …
Student Nurses Protest In Port HarcourtP.M. NewsStudents of Rivers State School of Nursing, Port Harcourt, the state capital, southsouth Nigeria, caused panic in the state capital today as they blocked the Ikwerre road, one the major roads in the city …
Leadership NewspapersAmbassadors Get Strict Reciprocity Marching OrderAllAfrica.comBy Chineme Okafor, 13 March 2012 In what may not be unrelated to the diplomatic face-off between Nigeria and South Africa over the deportation of 125 Nigerians for posse…
BusinessDayKano – Boko Haram, JtTF in Gun DuelAllAfrica.comBy Garba Muhammad, Kaduna, 13 March 2012 KANO metropolis was again thrown into another round of confusion yesterday as unidentified gunmen engaged the Joint Military Task Force (JTF) in a gun d…
Leadership NewspapersNigerian ministry preparing robust ICT policyIT News AfricaNigerian Minister of Communication and Technology Omobola Johnson said the ministry is working on a draft Information and Communications and Technology (ICT) policy during …
Leadership NewspapersCultism: Bayelsa confirms 4 killedVanguardBy SAMUEL OYADONGHA YENAGOA— Bayelsa State Government, yesterday, said it will set up a task force to check the security challenges in the state. The announcement came a day after suspect…
PDP vows to unseat MimikoVanguardBy DAYO JOHNSON AKURE—THE Peoples Democratic Party in Ondo State yesterday said that it had no working agreement with the Action Congress of Nigeria, ACN, ahead of governorship election next year towards unseating Gov…
EFCC gives N34.6m to families of dead officialsThe Nation NewspaperBy Yusuf Alli, Abuja 3 minutes ago With a heavy heart, the Chairman of the Economic and Financial Crimes Commission (EFCC), Mr. Ibrahim Lamorde, yesterday presented over N34.6 million t…
FIRS orders D'Rovans Hotel directors' arrestThe Nation NewspaperBy Bisi Oladele, Ibadan 10 minutes ago The Federal High Court, Ibadan has ordered the arrest of four directors of D'Rovans Hotel in Ibadan, the Oyo State capital. The order fol…
We renamed Abuja district after Goodluck in good faith — FCTNigerian TribuneThe Federal Capital Territory (FCT) administration said though the renaming of Maitama Extension District after President Goodluck Jonathan was a spontaneous action taken by …
WorldStagePDP chairman: Jonathan, N/East govs meet over Tukur •As aspirants meet …Nigerian TribuneA decision may have already been reached on the choice of the next national chairman of the Peoples Democratic Party (PDP) with one-time governor of d…
AllAfrica.comCorrupt tendencies of Nigerian leadersNigerian TribuneTHE popular online Wikipedia dictionary defines corruption as: “spiritual or moral impurity or deviation from an ideal.” Corruption has been prevalent in Nigeria from time immemoria…
BBC NewsFG must review Nigeria's foreign policy — Senator AdeyemiNigerian TribuneChairman, Senate Committee on Federal Capital Territory (FCT), Senator Smart Adeyemi, has demanded a review of Nigeria's foreign policy, saying that the time was…
CHANNELS8 killed in Nasarawa Village attackVanguardLafia – The Nasarawa State Police Command has confirmed the killing of eight persons by unknown gunmen, who attacked Tse Yaji Village near Kadarko Town in the Keana Local Government Area of Nasarawa …
Leadership NewspapersEkiti gets state lawsDaily Times NigeriaThe Ekiti State Governor, Kayode Fayemi has signed into law, a bill on the first edition of the laws of state. The move came 15 years after the state was carved out of the old Ondo State. Bef…
BusinessDayGov's Wife Tasks PDP On Affirmative Action For WomenLeadership NewspapersThe Wife of the Bayelsa State Governor, Mrs. Rachael Dickson weekend challenged political leaders in the State and national level to implement the 35 per cent affir…
Leadership NewspapersHow Lagos Marked International Women's DayP.M. News (blog)Lagos State joined the rest of the world at the weekend to mark the 2012 International Women's Day, a day set aside by the United Nations to celebrate the achievemen…
AllAfrica.comReject decision to name district after you, ACN tells JonathanDaily SunThe Action Congress of Nigeria (ACN) has described the decision to name the Maitama District Extension in Abuja after President Goodluck Jonathan as a 'poisoned cha…
Leadership NewspapersOgun To Start Implementation Of New Tax LawLeadership NewspapersOgun State Government has assured workers that it will this month start the implementation of the new tax regime just signed into law by the Federal government. Making…
Budget: NASS may sanction FCT minister over breach of protocolVanguardBy DAN UDOH ABUJA — FOR presenting the 2012 budget proposals of the Federal Capital Territory, FCT, Abuja directly to the National Assembly without going through the Presidency as …
BusinessDayRevised 2012-2014 revenue/ expenditure framework: Tough and harder times aheadVanguardBy Omoh Gabriel The Federal Government's revised medium term revenue and expenditure strategy before the National Assembly does not appear to have any …
Flood: Oyo lawmakers accuse FG of unfulfilled promiseVanguardBy OLA AJAYI IBADAN—SEVEN months after the August 26 flood disaster that claimed hundreds of lives in Ibadan and its environs, some members of the Oyo State House of Assembly have complaine…
NIMET warns pilots about dangerous thunder stormVanguardBy LAWANI MIKAIRU& DANIEL ETEGHE Pilots and airline operators in Nigeria have been asked to be conscious of the dangerous thunderstorms that would take place between May / June and October in …
Bayelsa guber: No victor, no vanquished – DicksonVanguardBy Samuel Oyadongha Yenagoa— Bayelsa State Governor, Mr Seriake Dickson, has said that there was no victor, no vanquished in the February 11, governorship election in the state. Governor Dick…
Bank manager,7 others held over missing N380mVanguardBy Kingsley Omonobi ABUJA- The Police in Abuja have waded into the mysterious disappearance of N380 million paid into an account in a commercial bank vanished within 12 hours after lodgement. The acc…
P.M. NewsOoni, Sultan, Aregbesola, others canvass national unityVanguardBy GBENGA OLARINOYE OSOGBO—In the wake of a heated debate on national unity with particular reference to disagreement between some northern elements and their southern counterpar…
Economic growth and food security depend on healthy farm sector, whose pillar …Economic TimesIn India, agriculture and allied sector is the source of income for over 60% of rural population and its contribution to GDP has been consistently coming dow…
Leadership NewspapersBritish government deports about 120 Nigerians from the United Kingdom over …Newstime AfricaAbout 120 Nigerians have been deported by the Home Office from the United Kingdom over alleged immigration offences. Some of the offences…
Gunmen Kill Ex-Sars Commander in YolaAllAfrica.comSome unidentified gunmen on Friday in Yola, killed the former Head of the Adamawa State Police Command Special Anti-Robbery Squad (SARS), ASP. Mohammed Ali The attack took place around 2 pm along Atiku …
Leadership NewspapersKilling Of Expatriates: Normalcy Restored In SokotoLeadership NewspapersThe relative peace in the seat of the caliphate has been restored in Mabara area of Sokoto, after a prolonged gun battle between suspected kidnappers and the c…
Leadership NewspapersIBB, Atiku, Abdulsalami, Ciroma, Maitama Sule, others move to unite NorthVanguardBy HENRY UMORU PROMINENT Northern leaders have begun the process of bringing together all groups in the North under one umbrella as a way of projectin…
Nigerian TribuneSNC: We need to dismantle unitary system, Tinubu, Fashola, Ikuforiji insistVanguardBy Olasunkanmi Akoni & Monsur Olowoopejo As Nigeria grapples with the issue of whether or not to have a national conference, has former Governor of L…
Osun DefenderEdo 2012: Osunbor's kinsmen defectVanguardBy SIMON EBEGBULEM BARELY 48 hours after the former governor of Edo State, Prof Osarhiemen Osunbor, expressed his support for administration of Governor Adams Oshiomhole, over two thousand of h…
BusinessDayLamorde shakes up EFCC, announces six key appointmentsThe Nation NewspaperBy Yusuf Alli, Managing Editor, Northern Operation 7 hours 54 minutes ago The Executive Chairman of the Economic and Financial Crimes Commission, Mr. Ibrahim Lamorde, …
BusinessDayLamorde shakes up EFCC, announces six key appointmentsThe Nation NewspaperBy Yusuf Alli, Managing Editor, Northern Operation 3 hours 25 minutes ago The Executive Chairman of the Economic and Financial Crimes Commission, Mr. Ibrahim Lamorde, …
Nigerian TribunePower politics or welfare politics? Chief Obafemi Awolowo in the history of …Nigerian TribuneBeing an abridged text of the 2012 Awo Foundation Lecture, delivered on Friday, March 9, at NECA House, Central Business District, Alausa, Ik…
I'ma radical governor – OkorochaNigerian TribuneIMO State governor, Rochas Okorocha, has stated that, “I am on a mission. I am not a conventional governor; I am a radical governor who has come to effect a radical change in Imo State.” He also s…
Telegraph.co.ukBoko Haram spokesman denies link to Nigeria kidnapReuters AfricaMAIDUGURI (Reuters) – A purported spokesman for Nigerian Islamist group Boko Haram on Friday denied any part in the kidnapping of a Briton and an Italian who were killed by …
Irish TimesFailed hostage rescue provokes rowBelfast TelegraphThe fallout from the failed hostage rescue bid in Nigeria is continuing after William Hague insisted it had been impossible to inform the Italian authorities in advance. The Foreign Secretar…
CHANNELSPension Probe: 10 British pensioners paid N1.5bn (ÂŁ6m)VanguardBy Inalegwu Shaibu, Abuja More revelations of shoddy dealings in the management of the police pension fund by the Pension Reform Taskforce Team emerged yesterday as the Permanent Se…
Telegraph.co.ukNigeria: al-Qaeda's new heartland of terrorTelegraph.co.ukThe killing in West Africa of a Briton and his Italian colleague by Islamist extremists takes international terrorism a horrific step forward. By Con Coughlin Few outside Nige…
Leadership NewspapersSenate orders arrest of pension taskforce bossInformation NigeriaTHE Senate Panel investigating the management of pension fund in Nigeria has ordered the Acting Inspector-General of Police, Mohammed Abubakar, to arrest and produce …
Leadership NewspapersLagos Govt Pledges To Fight Women, Child AbuseP.M. NewsAs Nigerian women joined their counterparts all over the world to celebrate this year's International Women's Day, Lagos State Government Thursday pledged its readiness…
P.M. NewsNew Capital Projects In LagosP.M. NewsIn Nigeria, there has been the age-long notion that governors who have excelled in their first tenure end up foot dragging when they get a second term in office. In several cases, this notion has been prov…
P.M. NewsJonathan Needs A Reputation ManagerP.M. NewsDemola Akinbola is the Head Consultant of BrandStewards, an integrated reputation and brand management consultancy operating from Lagos, Nigeria and Dublin, Republic of Ireland. In this interview wit…
BBC NewsI Wasn't Deported From South Africa – Senate LeaderAllAfrica.comBy Isiaka Wakili, 9 March 2012 Senate Leader Victor Ndoma-Egba (PDP, Cross River) has denied that he was among the 128 Nigerians deported from South Africa last week. He was re…
BusinessDayDAWN of an era in regional integration 1BusinessDayIt was an epoch making event Tuesday evening at the newly rehabilitated Lagos City Hall, Lagos Island, as the Afenifere Renewal Group (ARG) laid out its vision for the Yoruba nation and the …
Leadership NewspapersJonathan Lauds Suswam Over Otobi Water ProjectsAllAfrica.comBy George Okoh, 9 March 2012 President Goodluck Jonathan has commended the efforts of the Benue State Government in meeting the basic needs of the people of the state. Pre…
'Electorate'll determine outcome of Oyo LG poll'Nigerian TribuneMember representing Ibadan North II constituency in the Oyo State House of Assembly, Honourable Olusegun Olaleye, speaks on the nine-month administration of Governor Abiola Aji…
Leadership NewspapersSoldiers lay ambush for suspected militants in SokotoNigerian TribuneTHE relative peace in Mabara area of Sokoto metropolis was shattered on Thursday following prolonged hours of hostilities between gunmen suspected to be members o…
Leadership NewspapersAIG Visits Scene Of Bomb Attacks In AshakaLeadership NewspapersAn Assistant Inspector-General of Police, AIG, Mr. Ilesanmi Aguda, yesterday visited the scene of the multiple bomb attacks in Ashaka town where unidentified gunmen att…
Myjoyonline.comA Needless RowVanguardAT a time of need for more continental integration, the growing immigration row between Nigeria and South Africa is needless, unless it achieves the important objective of helping both countries to understand and re…
Man remanded for 'hitting' judge with vehicleThe Nation NewspaperBy Eric Ikhilae 3 hours 18 minutes ago For allegedly attempting to kill a judge of the Lagos High Court, Justice Adeniyi Adebanjo, a 33-year-old commercial driver, Quadri Kasali, …
Leadership NewspapersSenate to end discrimination against womenThe Nation NewspaperBy Onyedi Ojiabor, Assistant Editor 2 minutes ago The House of Representatives commended the dexterity and courage of Nigerian women in the face of oppressive and discri…
Leadership NewspapersOver 460 corps members shun orientation in JigawaNigerian TribuneOVER 460 National Youth Service Corps (NYSC) 2012 Batch 'A' corps members deployed to Jigawa State did not report to the camp as of the time of swearing-in th…
Leadership NewspapersBoko Haram: Northern Govs set up c'ttee on FG White PaperVanguardBY LUKA BINNIYAT KADUNA – NINETEEN Northern States Governors Forum, NSGF, Thursday assured of determination to fight criminality occasioned by activities of the…
Osun DefenderEdo guber: Osunbor backs OshiomholeVanguardBy SIMON EBEGBULEM & GABRIEL ENOGHOLASE BENIN—Former governor of Edo State and a gubernatorial aspirant in the just concluded Peoples Democratic Party, PDP, primary in the state, Prof. Oseri…
No question, Ojukwu was our best and brightest star – Sen. ObiVanguardBY VINCENT UJUMADU Senator Ben Obi is the special adviser to the president on Inter -Party relations. He was also the chairman of outreach and contact sub-committee, as well as mem…
Police probe death of three suspected cable vandals in EnuguVanguardBy Tony Edike ENUGU—THE Enugu State Police Command has commenced investigations into the mysterious death of three young men suspected to be cable vandals inside a NITEL underground …
Fuel subsidy protest: Nwabueze, 43 others sue FG for N440mVanguardBy BARTHOLOMEW MADUKWE LAGOS — Senior member of the Bar and former Minister of Education and Youth Development, Prof. Ben Nwabueze, alongside 43 distinguished Nigerians, who were tear-…
Myjoyonline.comNigeria seeks dialog with Boko HaramOutcome Magazine (blog)ABUJA, Nigeria, March 8 (UPI) — The Nigerian government approved a committee's recommendation that amnesty be offered to Boko Haram militants if they renounce violence. The…
Leadership NewspapersPolice Arrest 3 Over Lagos Clash, Warn Trouble-makersLeadership NewspapersThe Lagos state Police Command on Thursday said that three persons had been arrested in connection with a clash which left business activities paralysed in t…
Leadership NewspapersBorno Govt to Support Tsangaya SchoolsAllAfrica.comThe Borno Government said on Wednesday that it planned to provide support to about 10000 Tsangaya schools in the state. Gov. Kashim Shettima gave this indication when he received t…
Leadership NewspapersRepresentatives Probe CBN's Boko Haram DonationsAllAfrica.comBy Chukwu David, 8 March 2012 Abuja — House of Representatives yesterday tongue-lashed the Governor of the Central Bank of Nigeria (CBN), Sanusi Lamido Sanusi over …
Northern Governors Meet in Sokoto Today, Elect New ChairmanAllAfrica.comBy Ismail Mudashir, 8 March 2012 Sokoto — Ahead of today's meeting of the Northern Governor's Forum (NGF) in Kaduna, governors in the region had been arriving Sokoto, the…
CHANNELSPolice checkpoint gone forever, it's colonial heritage – IGVanguardBY KINGSLEY OMONOBI & MITAIRE IKPEN ABUJA — Inspector General of Police, Mr Mohammed Abubakar, declared, yesterday, that the era of mounting of road blocks across th…